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Once she starts using Fair & Lovely bleaching cream and lightens her skin antibiotics for uti aren't working erythromycin 250 mg low price, modernity inevitably follows antibiotic resistance zoology to the rescue cheap 250mg erythromycin overnight delivery. Lastly virus 1995 order 500mg erythromycin free shipping, she is shown disembarking from a jet with photographers waiting to take her picture steroids and antibiotics for sinus infection quality 250 mg erythromycin. Again, the use of airplanes in the storyline conveys privilege, modernity, being cultured, as well as not being tied to a fixed time and space. After being rejected by the company, there is a scene (intended to be altruistic and therefore heartwarming) in which her father contemplates how he can help his daughter. The resulting message is that a good father equips his daughter with the necessary tools for her success. In this way, companies making skin-bleaching products are targeting not only girls, but also fathers by exploiting paternal responsibilities as well as the humiliation associated with having seemingly dark daughters. Resistance to Pigmentocracy 167 Despite the prevalence of these types of advertisements, there are also parodies that seek to ridicule the nature of not only skin bleaching products and their unrealistic results, but also the implications of preferences for whiteness in India. However, they are few and far between and often lack the financial backing and marketing to be dispersed widely. In addition, they are commonly viewable only online and therefore inaccessible to many. In the film, a darker Indian woman is telling a doctor she suffers from an inferiority complex and domestic abuse due to her darker skin. The doctor then tells her she needs South Asian Paints Fairness Cream, which is an actual paint. The available colors include virginal white ("for purity and chastity"), paneer white ("specially for vegetarians"), deepika white ("for film star whiteness"), and others (Kharkongor, 2012). The woman paints her face white as does her family and the film concludes with a scene of a (different) white family. Although this film is a spoof, it engages with notions that are rooted in reality. The short film imitates reality in that the content is based on real and perceived disadvantages of dark skin. Furthermore, it illuminates the extent of pigmentocratic issues, including psychological and physical. In other words, the woman blames herself and her unsightly appearances for her problems with self-esteem and domestic violence, rather than the actual sources. Currently, the video is only viewable through YouTube and has less than 50,000 views. The more critical comments included "racists" and "if this was white people painting black paint on their skin, you would probably get charged and banned" (Khargonger, 2012). The short film and the above comments illustrate the controversial nature of pigmentocracy, including the ways in which it manifests in everyday life and society as well as if it is perceived as a beauty preference and/or intraracial racism. In many actual skin-bleaching commercials, the products are presented as cosmetic in nature, with an emphasis on the advantages of being fair and beautiful. The atrocious effects of pigmentocracy are often not openly acknowledged socially or in popular culture. Discriminating against an individual because he/she is unattractive is more acceptable than discriminating against his/her skin color or racism. Skin bleaching advertisements effectively emphasize skin lightness as a surface beauty ideal (which is more subjective in that there are no clearly defined right/wrong in aesthetical preferences) and often closely integrate the two concepts. On the other hand, Fair and Lowly highlights the below-the-surface meanings 169 attached to skin color that goes beyond appearances (which is less subjective in that racism is never acceptable). The message that beauty and whiteness offers advantages is more readily acceptable than whiteness alone affords opportunities. On the flip side, in the spoof Fair and Lowly, the racist disadvantages of pigmentocracy are exposed, in this case poor self-esteem and domestic abuse. The Problem with Skin Bleaching Products the very real negative consequences of having darker skin has allowed manufacturing companies to effectively identify their marketing niche and develop strategies to successfully conceal and transform the underlying genealogy of preference for skin whiteness. Skin bleaching creams are presented as toiletries and cosmetic products, in much the same way shampoos and lipsticks are presented to women as beauty essentials (Karan, 2008). The problem with this view is that the origin and implications of whiteness reveal an ongoing struggle for domination and power, but categorizing skin bleaching creams as necessary beauty/cosmetic products undermines their political, social, and economic significance. Skin bleaching companies target all women (and increasingly men) as the message is that one can never be too white.

The varied and fantastic forms and rich colors of the different species of Heliconia make them an important florist item bacteria make gold cheap 500 mg erythromycin fast delivery, particularly prized for large and signature arrangements virus 2014 symptoms order erythromycin 500 mg visa. Heliconia is named after Mount Helicon antimicrobial herbs and spices erythromycin 500 mg amex, the seat of the Muses horse antibiotics for dogs 250 mg erythromycin amex, the nine goddesses of the arts and sciences in Greek mythology. Like their god Apollo, the Muses supposedly remained young and beautiful forever like the long-lasting and elegant flowers of heliconia. Pretreatments Gladioli respond very well to pulsing with a preservative containing 20% sugar (sucrose or glucose). Storage Conditions Although earlier recommendations were to store gladiolus at 5 °C (41 °F) to prevent chill damage to tips, we now know they can safely be stored for a week at 0 to 1 °C (32 to 34 °F). Flowers are negatively geotropic (they bend away from the force of gravity), so they are commonly stored and shipped upright. One beneficial aspect of low temperature handling and transportation is that this negative geotropic response is inhibited, 685 Quality Characteristics and Criteria Heliconia are normally harvested fully mature: the flowers will not open past the stage at which they are harvested. While flowers last longer if the bracts are less open compared to more open, they generally do not open further after harvest and that may reduce their visual appeal. Therefore, the openness of the flower at purchase often is the most it ever will open. Consumer life varies greatly among species and cultivars; thus, learn species and cultivar differences. They can last for up to 2 weeks in plain tap water if the water is free of microorganisms. Since insects sometimes make the trip from grower to retailer, make sure flowers are inspected and any insects removed. Grading and Bunching Quality flowers of heliconia are fully mature, free of defects (damage or discoloration) on the flowers, and have good quality foliage (when present). Both the smaller, hanging species and the larger, more upright species are packed individually by stem. Evergreen shrubs, hedges and small trees prized for their holiday-season dark green leaves and bright red fruits. The plants carry female and male flowers on separate trees, and are therefore termed "dioecious. Ethylene Sensitivity There is no evidence of any deleterious effects of ethylene exposure on the vase life of heliconias. Quality Characteristics and Criteria Pretreatments No pretreatments have proved beneficial for heliconias. Some species may benefit from the flowers being dipped in an antitranspirant, such as those sold in garden centers for use on woody plants. This indicates poor temperature management and possible fungal growth and ethylene production. Grading and Bunching Storage Conditions Heliconias are native to the tropical Americas, and they are therefore very sensitive to chilling injury. They are seldom gathered into bunches but may be grouped and placed in polyethylene bags. Ethylene Sensitivity Exposure to ethylene results in loss of berries and leaves and is a common problem in holly handled through mass-market outlets. Huckleberry is native to the West Coast in areas from northern California to British Columbia. Vaccinium is the ancient Latin name for blueberry, and the specific epithet ovatum refers to the oval leaf shape of this species. Quality Characteristics and Criteria Harvest branches when fully mature, without soft tips. Storage Conditions Holly should be stored at 0 to 1 °C (32 to 34 °F) and may even be held for longer periods at lower but nonfreezing temperatures. Special Considerations Storage Conditions There are major differences among holly types in their sensitivity to ethylene. Some producers will dip holly into various solutions in an attempt to reduce fruit and leaf fall or to package the product in such a way as to extend life. Huckleberry can be stored for an extended period by enclosing precooled bunches in a plastic vapor barrier and holding them near 0 °C (32 °F). Special Considerations Watch for excessive storage as depicted by fungal growth (fuzziness) and watersoaked or discolored leaves. Because of their intense yellow, blue, and purple colors, and the elegant shape of their flowers and foliage, bulbous (Dutch) iris are in considerable demand as cut flowers.

There are also a number of other theoretical strategies that can be used to inform message design antimicrobial garlic discount 250 mg erythromycin fast delivery. It would also provide messages that 4) reduce the barriers to quitting (quitting is hard but this program can help make it easier) and 5) provide cues to action (enroll in this cessation program today and give it a try! However antibiotic resistance uk purchase erythromycin 500 mg mastercard, health behavior theories alone may be insufficient in health communication efforts because such theories do not provide insights into how to best change those factors ­ that is antimicrobial therapy generic 250mg erythromycin with visa, how the specific messages should be articulated 3m antimicrobial buy discount erythromycin 500 mg on line. Consider the case where someone is shopping for a new car and is likely to have done a lot of research in this area. In this case, she is doing a lot of central processing of such information and thus the arguments in favor of buying a particular car need to be strong in order for her to be persuaded to make the purchase. When a person is successfully persuaded through the central route, the persuasion is more likely to have a lasting effect. Television programs that contain messages encouraging organ donation, for example, have been found to influence knowledge and even behavior change. Framing theory suggests that the way the same information is presented (emphasizing the positives of doing the behavior or the negatives of not doing the behavior) can differentially impact attitudes and behaviors. Gain framed messages typically emphasize the benefits of participating in a particular behavior ­ such as eating fruits and vegetables to improve daily energy. Ultimately, using health behavior theories as well as message design theories or strategies when developing a health communication campaign can help bolster health communication campaign effects. Audiences can be segmented based on a number of variables, including demographics. Campaigns that segment audiences based only on demographic variables are less likely to be as effective as campaigns the draw on multiple variables, although audience segmentation based on demographics alone is quite common. Health issues often involve complexities that are not captured by gender, age and race. Considering additional variables is likely to result in audience segments that can be more effectively targeted with appropriate campaign messages. Research has shown that campaigns that attempt to reach broad, general audiences often fail. This includes what information is presented, how it is presented, and where it is presented. Given that all other campaign decisions and elements will be affected by what audience is focused on, this is one of the most important decisions that a campaign designer makes. These and other methods can be used to pretest messages, all of which can provide insights that help shape the direction of the campaign. In production research, also called pretesting, drafts of the actual materials being created for ultimate use in the campaign are tested. The focus is typically on attention, comprehension, interest, and perceived effectiveness of the messages. Pretesting materials with the target audience is then used to tailor the messages to the specific characteristics of the target audience. For example, a campaign planner who wants to promote sunscreen use in young women may use in-depth interviews to talk to members of the target audience individually to learn why they do not use sunscreen consistently and what might encourage them to use sunscreen more often. Focus groups are carefully planned group discussions run by a facilitator that follows a guide constructed with particular goals in mind. Focus groups allow people to express their individual thoughts as well as build off of and react to the comments of others, and they may provide perspectives different from those in an individual interview. Once draft messages are developed (from input from interviews or focus groups, as described above), pretesting is conducted with the target audience. Early pretesting may be conducted using qualitative methods, such as individual interviews or focus groups, in which audience members can react to messages and provide suggestions for refinement. For example, young women outside a supermarket or at the beach can be asked what they think of the messages. These interviews can use structured questionnaires that ask members of the target audience to imPlementation Implementation of the campaign is the next step in the health communication process. Although a campaign may follow all the elements associated with effective design, if the target audience does not see the messages, preferably with multiple exposures, than the desired effects will likely not be achieved.

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Variations from the reddish-brown ground color (always apparent in bulls antibiotic bloating buy erythromycin 250mg fast delivery, old steers antimicrobial agents examples erythromycin 500mg otc, poorly fattened sheep antimicrobial uniforms proven 500mg erythromycin, and antibiotics when pregnant cheap erythromycin 500 mg online, in the majority of cases, also in hogs), occur in sucking calves, well-fattened young cattle and steers, as well as in very fat wethers and hogs. In the last-named animals, the liver is yellowish-brown and turbid, and of - increased volume (greater thickness and rounded borders). It is is 173 observed shortly after each of the liver is subject animals are slaughtered to considerable variation, according as the during the process of digestion, or after a considerable period of of worthy mention that the weight For the elucidation of this relation I have made several and have found differences of as much as 500 gm. The most lungs do not require such a detailed description essential characteristics of the normal con- dition of the lungs are the small blood content elastic consistency. Only where the lungs remain for several hours after death in the unopened thorax do they exhibit an incomplete retraction. The distinction between the lungs of different domestic animals is of considerable importance, because deceptive substitutions, espe- cially of hog lungs for the more valuable calf lungs, are sometimes made. The lungs of horses possess a left, anterior and a posterior primary lobe, besides a pyramidal lobe to the right. The lungs of ruminants are more lobulated on the left, two to three on the right, four to five lobes. It should be remarked that the anterior lobe of the right lung of ruminants, in contrast with that of the horse, receives its bronchus independently from the lower end of the trachea. In the lungs of hogs, two to three lobes may be recognized on, the left, and three to four on the right. With the exception that in ruminants the interlobular tissues are more strongly developed, the conditions in the lungs of hogs are similar to those in;; ruminants. The heart of all domesticated animals exhibits a brownish-red color, a smooth glistening covering (the epicardium), and a similar lining within (the endocardium). In the myocardium, on -jross section, a conspicuous sheen is observed and an extremely small blood content. In animals which are thoroughly bled, the right and left ventricles contain only a small quantity of coagulated blood. The form of the heart is nearly round or conical, according as the heart movement came to a standstill in diastole or systole. In order to avoid errors, it is necessary to bear in mind that the tissue underneath the epicardium in freshly slaughtered animals is often injected, and this condition should not be confused this reddened condition is with hemorrhages (von Hofmann). According to Hofmann, this is to be considered a vital phenomenon, which occurs at every systole, and disappears again during diastole. The condition indicates, It therefore, simply a cessation of heart action during systole. True hemorrhagic conditions are frequently found in the cardiac valves of fasting calves as a normal condition (Klager). The beef heart is distinguished by the fact that in the fibrous ring of the aorta two cardiac bones are found in the place of a cardiac cartilage. Lastly, in very old horses, a partial ossification of the cardiac cartilage may occur (Stoos). The kidneys in most animals are concealed from immediate view by a more or less extensive fatty capsule, known as the kidney-fat capsule. In earlier times this condition was, strangely enough, the chief reason why the kidneys, as a rule, were not studied in meat inspection. Each lobe (renculus) has a renal papilla, and the two kidneys weigh on an average 952 gm. The kidneys of sheep and goats are bean-shaped, non-lobulated, and have one renal papilla each. The kidneys of the hog are likewise bean-shaped and non-lobulated, but are characterized by from six to eleven renal papillae. Physiological variations from the normal occur in the fattened condition, especially in very fat hogs, more rarely in cattle, and sheep. In these animals the color of the kidneys, in consequence of fatty infiltration of the convoluted and straight uriniferous tubules, may become grayish-brown and cloudy. Upon microscopical examination, the epithelial lining of the tubules is found to be densely filled with large, fat globules. Villain and Bascou assert that at birth the kidneys are bluish-black at one week, violet-red at two weeks, greenish-yellow and after three weeks, yellowish-red. These membranes are characterized by their smooth, glistening, light-gray and If, - transparent appearance. This reddening is to be distinguished from inflammatory reddening by its superficial position, and by the fact that it can be removed by washing.